Evaluating the co-management institutions created by the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement and the Inuvialuit Final Agreement with planning criteria

Nine planning criteria are used to demonstrate that the performance of the co-management institutions created by the Inuvialuit Final Agreement (IFA) is superior to the performance of the co-management institutions created by the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement (JBNQA). Co-management institutions are the primary means by which the beneficiaries of comprehensive land claims agreements participate in wildlife management, environmental and social impact assessment, and natural resource development. An extensive literature review is used to describe the evolution of co-management theory and practice in recent years, the international experience with co-management, the Canadian experience with co-management, and the nine planning criteria that are used to evaluate the performance of the co-management institutions created by the JBNQA and the IFA. Instead of creating numerous opportunities for the Cree to share their indigenous knowledge and participate in wildlife and natural resource management, the JBNQA has become a source of constant conflict between the Cree and the Governments of Canada and Quebec. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)