Abstract
This study examines the development and implementation of policies in the James Bay and Northern Québec Agreement (JBNQA) and its affect on the tourism, recreational hunting/fishing and commercial outfitting industry of Nouveau-Québec. Its objectives are as follows: (1) describe the tourism, recreational hunting/fishing and outfitting industry; (2) describe and explain the development and implementation of the JBNQA; and (3) explain how the JBNQA has influenced Nouveau-Québec tourism, recreational hunting/fishing and the outfitting industry from the perspective of native and non-native outfitters, the Québec government and a policy analysis framework. Data used include a historical review of the JBNQA, selected secondary data, primary data from a survey of Nouveau-Québec outfitters concerning outfitting, wildlife population estimates, sport and subsistence harvest, and interviews with Québec government managers of Nouveau Québec. The results show that goals and objectives of the JBNQA were met, but not for all stakeholders. They were met partially for the government; they were met partially for the native outfitters; but they were not met with regard to the non-native outfitters. In the future, such agreements need to address and reflect the positions of stakeholders, have more clear, defined, measurable goals and include built-in monitoring to evaluate performance.